Here are the basics: the carbon fiber (standard roof, body colored) and the exposed carbon fiber do not allow any light to be transmitted through the roof into the cabin, while the transparent panel does. You can easily see up and out of the transparent panel which comes with a blue tint. From about 5 feet away the average individual can not tell the difference between the way the exposed carbon fiber roof and transparent roof appear on the Stingray - both look black on the outside (again because the transparent is tinted) except that the exposed carbon fiber has body colored spears on each side. Closer than 5 feet you can see the nicely laid carbon fibers in the exposed carbon fiber panel (not of course in the painted carbon fiber panel) while at that distance you can start to see into the interior of the car with the transparent panel. The exposed carbon fiber and the regular carbon fiber have a permanent liner while the transparent does not (you can purchase a temporary liner for the transparent) and this does two things, it reduces the heat transmitted through the panel as compared the the transparent panel and it also reduces the head room. The fit and removal of all of the panels is the exact same, with the two carbon fiber panels coming in at about 16.5 pounds and the transparent at about 18.5 pounds. All panels store nicely in the trunk on built in hooks that in fact both secure the top and allow you to lift/pivot it up to store stuff under it when it is back there. For example you can get a full set of golf clubs in a regular cart bag under the panel in the trunk when it is stored back there. The transparent panel for many makes the interior feel much more roomy and airy in addition to being able to see up through it. However it also transmits heat from the sun that some find objectionable. There are several aftermarket options available to reduce the heat and you can find a discussion of them here, especially at post #1
http://www.stingrayforums.com/forum/stingray-corvette-accessories/5316-transparent-roof-panel-shade-options-tested-3.html. I live in Las Vegas- the 'desert' and we have sun most of the year. I use one of the aftermarket liners during the hottest 2 to 3 months of the year when I park, the rest of the year I find it perfect.